diff --git a/internal/agent/core/scheduler.go b/internal/agent/core/scheduler.go
index e899636..8f1988e 100644
--- a/internal/agent/core/scheduler.go
+++ b/internal/agent/core/scheduler.go
@@ -279,6 +279,8 @@ func (a *Agent) schedulerStatus() sdk.SchedulerStatus {
 		PendingInterrupts: len(snap.PendingInterrupts),
 		SuspendStack:      len(snap.SuspendStack),
 		MaxSuspendDepth:   snap.MaxInterruptFrames,
+		InterruptsByLevel: snap.Stats.InterruptsByLevel,
+		PreemptsByLevel:   snap.Stats.PreemptsByLevel,
 		Enqueued:          snap.Stats.Enqueued,
 		Executed:          snap.Stats.Executed,
 		Rejected:          snap.Stats.Rejected,
@@ -291,6 +293,26 @@ func (a *Agent) schedulerStatus() sdk.SchedulerStatus {
 			ID: snap.Running.ID, Level: int(snap.Running.Level), Kind: snap.Running.Kind.String(),
 		}
 	}
+	if snap.Immediate != nil {
+		out.Immediate = &sdk.SchedulerTask{
+			ID: snap.Immediate.ID, Level: int(snap.Immediate.Level), Kind: snap.Immediate.Kind.String(),
+		}
+	}
+	// 四级队列深度：下标即级别（1..4），下标 0 留 0。
+	for lv := LevelBackground; lv <= LevelCritical; lv++ {
+		out.InterruptQueues[lv] = len(snap.InterruptQueues[lv])
+	}
+	// 中断栈帧：栈底 → 栈顶（谁先被压进去、谁又打断了它）。
+	for _, f := range snap.SuspendStack {
+		if f == nil || f.Task == nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		out.SuspendFrames = append(out.SuspendFrames, sdk.SchedulerFrame{
+			Task: sdk.SchedulerTask{
+				ID: f.Task.ID, Level: int(f.Task.Level), Kind: f.Task.Kind.String(),
+			},
+		})
+	}
 	return out
 }
 
diff --git a/internal/agent/core/scheduler_critical_test.go b/internal/agent/core/scheduler_critical_test.go
index 13a6ca9..5aade55 100644
--- a/internal/agent/core/scheduler_critical_test.go
+++ b/internal/agent/core/scheduler_critical_test.go
@@ -165,3 +165,96 @@ func TestBatch_NotAbandonedWithoutPreemption(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("Executed=%d，期望 1", snap.Stats.Executed)
 	}
 }
+
+// TestSchedulerStatusExposesLevelsAndStack 钉住调度器状态面**按级别可读**：
+// 四级队列深度、各级累计计数、立即抢占项、中断栈帧。
+//
+// 起因：此前 SchedulerStatus 只给 total（pending_interrupts / suspend_stack），
+// 看不出"堵在 L1 还是 L4"、"栈里压的是谁"。WebUI 想画运行态就无数据可用。
+//
+// 这个用例直接摆好调度器内部状态、只验**映射**（同包白盒）：调度行为本身
+// 由 scheduler_e2e_test / scheduler_critical_test 覆盖，这里不该重复它们的时序。
+func TestSchedulerStatusExposesLevelsAndStack(t *testing.T) {
+	a := New(AgentConfig{ID: "rt", ProviderManager: agentAPI.NewProviderManager(), IO: agentIO.NewIOManager()})
+	if a.sched == nil {
+		t.Fatal("agent 应带调度器")
+	}
+	a.sched.mu.Lock()
+	a.sched.queue = append(a.sched.queue, &Task{ID: 1, Class: TaskQueued, Kind: TaskKindInput})
+	a.sched.interruptQueues[LevelCritical] = append(a.sched.interruptQueues[LevelCritical],
+		&Task{ID: 2, Class: TaskInterrupt, Level: LevelCritical, Kind: TaskKindInput},
+		&Task{ID: 3, Class: TaskInterrupt, Level: LevelCritical, Kind: TaskKindInput})
+	a.sched.interruptQueues[LevelBackground] = append(a.sched.interruptQueues[LevelBackground],
+		&Task{ID: 4, Class: TaskInterrupt, Level: LevelBackground, Kind: TaskKindSelf})
+	a.sched.immediate = &Task{ID: 5, Class: TaskInterrupt, Level: LevelCritical, Kind: TaskKindInput}
+	a.sched.suspendStack = append(a.sched.suspendStack, &suspendedTask{
+		Task:  &Task{ID: 6, Class: TaskInterrupt, Level: LevelInteractive, Kind: TaskKindInput},
+		Frame: &TaskFrame{},
+	})
+	a.sched.stats.InterruptsByLevel[LevelCritical] = 7
+	a.sched.stats.PreemptsByLevel[LevelCritical] = 3
+	a.sched.mu.Unlock()
+
+	got := a.schedulerStatus()
+	if got.ReadyQueueDepth != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("ready_queue_depth 应为 1，实际 %d", got.ReadyQueueDepth)
+	}
+	// 按级别的队列深度：下标即级别，下标 0 恒为 0
+	if got.InterruptQueues[LevelCritical] != 2 || got.InterruptQueues[LevelBackground] != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("按级别队列深度不对：%v", got.InterruptQueues)
+	}
+	if got.InterruptQueues[0] != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("下标 0（无级别）必须恒为 0，实际 %v", got.InterruptQueues)
+	}
+	// pending = 两条队列 + immediate
+	if got.PendingInterrupts != 4 {
+		t.Fatalf("pending_interrupts 应为 4，实际 %d", got.PendingInterrupts)
+	}
+	// 立即抢占项要能单独看到
+	if got.Immediate == nil || got.Immediate.ID != 5 || got.Immediate.Level != int(LevelCritical) {
+		t.Fatalf("immediate 未正确映射：%+v", got.Immediate)
+	}
+	// 中断栈帧（栈底→栈顶）要带任务标识
+	if len(got.SuspendFrames) != 1 || got.SuspendFrames[0].Task.ID != 6 ||
+		got.SuspendFrames[0].Task.Level != int(LevelInteractive) {
+		t.Fatalf("中断栈帧未正确映射：%+v", got.SuspendFrames)
+	}
+	// 累计计数按级别透传
+	if got.InterruptsByLevel[LevelCritical] != 7 || got.PreemptsByLevel[LevelCritical] != 3 {
+		t.Fatalf("各级计数未透传：interrupts=%v preempts=%v", got.InterruptsByLevel, got.PreemptsByLevel)
+	}
+	// 未使用的级别必须是 0（不能把别的级别串进来）
+	if got.InterruptQueues[LevelMessage] != 0 || got.InterruptQueues[LevelInteractive] != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("未使用的级别应为 0：%v", got.InterruptQueues)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestChannelInfoCarriesTopology 钉住通道状态面不再丢信息：
+// 方向、描述、工具名、输出能力都要能被前端画出来。
+func TestChannelInfoCarriesTopology(t *testing.T) {
+	ch := channelInfoFromIO(agentIO.ChannelInfo{
+		Name:        "webui",
+		Type:        agentIO.DeviceOutput,
+		Description: "Web 控制台",
+		Tools:       []agentIO.ToolDef{{Name: "output_send"}},
+		OutputCaps:  agentIO.CapText | agentIO.CapImage,
+	})
+	if ch.Direction != "out" {
+		t.Fatalf("方向应为 out，实际 %q", ch.Direction)
+	}
+	if ch.Description != "Web 控制台" {
+		t.Fatalf("描述丢失：%q", ch.Description)
+	}
+	if len(ch.Tools) != 1 || ch.Tools[0] != "output_send" {
+		t.Fatalf("工具名丢失：%v", ch.Tools)
+	}
+	if ch.OutputCaps != int(agentIO.CapText|agentIO.CapImage) || ch.CapsText == "" {
+		t.Fatalf("输出能力丢失：caps=%d text=%q", ch.OutputCaps, ch.CapsText)
+	}
+	if d := channelInfoFromIO(agentIO.ChannelInfo{Name: "mic", Type: agentIO.DeviceInput}).Direction; d != "in" {
+		t.Fatalf("输入通道方向应为 in，实际 %q", d)
+	}
+	if d := channelInfoFromIO(agentIO.ChannelInfo{Name: "both", Type: agentIO.DeviceIO}).Direction; d != "io" {
+		t.Fatalf("双向通道方向应为 io，实际 %q", d)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/internal/agent/core/status.go b/internal/agent/core/status.go
index 0b36fa1..1d03079 100644
--- a/internal/agent/core/status.go
+++ b/internal/agent/core/status.go
@@ -25,6 +25,9 @@ type StatusProvider interface {
 type KernelStatus = sdk.KernelStatus
 type PluginInfo = sdk.PluginInfo
 type ChannelInfo = sdk.ChannelInfo
+
+// ResidentStatus 是驻留式子 agent 的运行时视图（见 internal/sdk/status.go）。
+type ResidentStatus = sdk.ResidentStatus
 type MemoryStatus = sdk.MemoryStatus
 type KnowledgeStatus = sdk.KnowledgeStatus
 type DocumentStatus = sdk.DocumentStatus
@@ -37,10 +40,32 @@ type TrackerStatus = sdk.TrackerStatus
 type BuildStatus = sdk.BuildStatus
 
 func channelInfoFromIO(ch agentIO.ChannelInfo) ChannelInfo {
+	tools := make([]string, 0, len(ch.Tools))
+	for _, t := range ch.Tools {
+		tools = append(tools, t.Name)
+	}
 	return ChannelInfo{
-		Name:  ch.Name,
-		Type:  fmt.Sprintf("%d", ch.Type),
-		Ready: true,
+		Name:        ch.Name,
+		Type:        fmt.Sprintf("%d", ch.Type),
+		Direction:   channelDirection(ch.Type),
+		Ready:       true,
+		Description: ch.Description,
+		Tools:       tools,
+		OutputCaps:  int(ch.OutputCaps),
+		CapsText:    ch.OutputCaps.String(),
+	}
+}
+
+// channelDirection 把 DeviceType 翻成可读方向（前端画拓扑用）。
+// 未知取值落到 "io"：宁可当作双向，也不要把它画成只进或只出。
+func channelDirection(t agentIO.DeviceType) string {
+	switch t {
+	case agentIO.DeviceInput:
+		return "in"
+	case agentIO.DeviceOutput:
+		return "out"
+	default:
+		return "io"
 	}
 }
 
@@ -221,6 +246,7 @@ func (a *Agent) GetKernelStatus() *KernelStatus {
 	)
 	ks.ONNX = a.onnxStatus()
 	ks.Scheduler = a.schedulerStatus()
+	ks.Residents = residentStatuses(a.Residents())
 
 	return ks
 }
@@ -254,3 +280,28 @@ func (a *Agent) onnxStatus() sdk.ONNXStatus {
 
 var _ StatusProvider = (*Agent)(nil)
 var _ sdk.StatusAPI = (*Agent)(nil)
+
+// residentStatuses 把内核的驻留子视图映射成 SDK DTO。
+//
+// 刻意**不带** ResidentInfo.Table（那是每个驻留子的 inputch 登记明细）：状态面
+// 是给所有应用轮询的，把它塞进来会让每次 /status 都背上几十 KB。
+// 只给表的大小（InputChTable），要看明细走专门的接口。
+func residentStatuses(list []ResidentInfo) []ResidentStatus {
+	out := make([]ResidentStatus, 0, len(list))
+	for _, r := range list {
+		st := ResidentStatus{
+			ID:             r.ID,
+			State:          r.State,
+			Rounds:         r.Rounds,
+			ContextFull:    r.ContextFull,
+			InputChs:       r.InputChs,
+			AllowedOutputs: r.AllowedOutputs,
+			InputChTable:   r.TableSize,
+		}
+		if !r.CreatedAt.IsZero() {
+			st.CreatedAt = r.CreatedAt.Format(time.RFC3339)
+		}
+		out = append(out, st)
+	}
+	return out
+}
diff --git a/internal/plugins/webui/dashboard.css b/internal/plugins/webui/dashboard.css
index 38cb0e4..ac56f9c 100644
--- a/internal/plugins/webui/dashboard.css
+++ b/internal/plugins/webui/dashboard.css
@@ -2097,3 +2097,190 @@
         scrollbar-width: thin;
         scrollbar-color: rgba(255, 127, 172, 0.35) transparent;
       }
+
+    /* ===== 运行态面板（图形化总览）=====
+       目标是"一眼看懂内核现在在干什么"：排队/中断/中断栈/驻留子四个数字，
+       四级中断队列的条形，中断栈的层叠图，以及通道拓扑。全部用纯 CSS + 内联 SVG，
+       不引入任何依赖（前端刻意没有构建链）。 */
+    .rt-grid {
+      display: grid;
+      grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(132px, 1fr));
+      gap: 10px;
+      margin: 4px 0 14px;
+    }
+    .rt-tile {
+      position: relative;
+      padding: 12px 14px 10px;
+      border-radius: var(--radius-md);
+      background: var(--bg-input);
+      border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
+      overflow: hidden;
+    }
+    .rt-tile .rt-num {
+      font-size: 28px;
+      font-weight: 700;
+      line-height: 1.1;
+      letter-spacing: -0.5px;
+    }
+    .rt-tile .rt-label {
+      font-size: 11px;
+      color: var(--text-muted);
+      margin-top: 2px;
+    }
+    .rt-tile .rt-sub {
+      font-size: 10px;
+      color: var(--text-muted);
+      opacity: 0.85;
+    }
+    .rt-tile.rt-active {
+      border-color: var(--sakura-400);
+      box-shadow: var(--shadow-glow);
+    }
+    .rt-tile.rt-warn .rt-num {
+      color: #ffb86b;
+    }
+    /* 底部细条：把"占了多少"用长度表达，比纯数字更快读懂 */
+    .rt-bar {
+      height: 4px;
+      border-radius: 999px;
+      background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
+      margin-top: 8px;
+      overflow: hidden;
+    }
+    .rt-bar > i {
+      display: block;
+      height: 100%;
+      background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--sakura-400), var(--frost-300));
+      transition: width 0.35s var(--ease-out);
+    }
+    .rt-levels {
+      display: flex;
+      flex-direction: column;
+      gap: 6px;
+      margin-bottom: 6px;
+    }
+    .rt-level {
+      display: grid;
+      grid-template-columns: 74px 1fr 96px;
+      align-items: center;
+      gap: 8px;
+      font-size: 11px;
+    }
+    .rt-level .rt-lv-name {
+      color: var(--text-secondary);
+      white-space: nowrap;
+    }
+    .rt-level .rt-lv-track {
+      height: 14px;
+      border-radius: 4px;
+      background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.06);
+      overflow: hidden;
+      display: flex;
+    }
+    .rt-level .rt-lv-track > i {
+      display: block;
+      height: 100%;
+      transition: width 0.35s var(--ease-out);
+    }
+    .rt-level .rt-lv-meta {
+      text-align: right;
+      color: var(--text-muted);
+      font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
+    }
+    .rt-lv-4 > i { background: #ff5c7a; }
+    .rt-lv-3 > i { background: #ffa657; }
+    .rt-lv-2 > i { background: var(--sakura-400); }
+    .rt-lv-1 > i { background: var(--frost-300); }
+    /* 中断栈：栈顶在上，做出"层叠现场"的观感 */
+    .rt-stack {
+      display: flex;
+      flex-direction: column-reverse;
+      gap: 4px;
+      margin: 2px 0 6px;
+    }
+    .rt-frame {
+      display: flex;
+      align-items: center;
+      gap: 8px;
+      padding: 5px 9px;
+      border-radius: 8px;
+      font-size: 11px;
+      background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.05);
+      border-left: 3px solid var(--sakura-400);
+    }
+    .rt-frame .rt-frame-top {
+      margin-left: auto;
+      font-size: 10px;
+      color: var(--text-muted);
+    }
+    .rt-empty {
+      font-size: 11px;
+      color: var(--text-muted);
+      padding: 4px 0;
+    }
+    /* 通道拓扑：输入 → 内核 → 输出 */
+    .rt-topo {
+      display: grid;
+      grid-template-columns: 1fr auto 1fr;
+      gap: 10px;
+      align-items: center;
+      margin-top: 6px;
+    }
+    .rt-topo-col {
+      display: flex;
+      flex-direction: column;
+      gap: 6px;
+    }
+    .rt-topo-col.rt-right {
+      text-align: right;
+    }
+    .rt-chan {
+      padding: 6px 9px;
+      border-radius: 8px;
+      background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.05);
+      border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
+      font-size: 11px;
+      cursor: default;
+    }
+    .rt-chan .rt-chan-name {
+      font-weight: 600;
+    }
+    .rt-chan .rt-chan-sub {
+      font-size: 10px;
+      color: var(--text-muted);
+    }
+    .rt-chan .rt-caps {
+      display: inline-flex;
+      gap: 3px;
+      margin-left: 6px;
+      vertical-align: middle;
+    }
+    .rt-cap {
+      font-size: 9px;
+      padding: 1px 5px;
+      border-radius: 999px;
+      background: rgba(136, 192, 208, 0.16);
+      color: var(--frost-300);
+    }
+    .rt-core {
+      width: 74px;
+      height: 74px;
+      border-radius: 50%;
+      display: flex;
+      align-items: center;
+      justify-content: center;
+      font-size: 11px;
+      font-weight: 600;
+      text-align: center;
+      line-height: 1.2;
+      background: radial-gradient(circle at 50% 40%, rgba(243, 59, 124, 0.35), rgba(24, 24, 38, 0.9));
+      border: 1px solid var(--glass-border);
+      box-shadow: var(--shadow-glow);
+    }
+    .rt-section-title {
+      font-size: 11px;
+      color: var(--text-muted);
+      letter-spacing: 0.4px;
+      margin: 12px 0 6px;
+      text-transform: uppercase;
+    }
diff --git a/internal/plugins/webui/dashboard.js b/internal/plugins/webui/dashboard.js
index fb87d6f..99d77e8 100644
--- a/internal/plugins/webui/dashboard.js
+++ b/internal/plugins/webui/dashboard.js
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
         kernel: null,
         settings: {},
         meta: {},
+        runtime: null, // /api/v1/runtime 的运行态小快照（调度器/驻留子/通道）
         pluginMeta: {},
         disabledPlugins: [],
         settingsPlugins: ["core"],
@@ -464,6 +465,11 @@
         } catch (e) {
           console.error("renderOverview", e);
         }
+        try {
+          await loadRuntime();
+        } catch (e) {
+          console.error("loadRuntime", e);
+        }
         try {
           renderChat();
         } catch (e) {
@@ -559,10 +565,175 @@
 
       // ===== Overview =====
 
+      // ===== 运行态面板：把内核的调度器/驻留子/通道画出来 =====
+      //
+      // 数据来自 /api/v1/runtime（内核 internal/sdk 暴露的 KernelStatus 子集），
+      // 每 3 秒刷一次——运行态要"实时"，而 /kernel 是 30KB 级的全量状态，不适合秒级轮询。
+      //
+      // 四个数字块回答"现在忙不忙"：排队任务、待处理中断、中断栈深度、驻留子数量；
+      // 下面的四级条形回答"堵在哪一级"；中断栈图回答"谁打断了谁"；
+      // 通道拓扑回答"消息从哪儿进、能往哪儿出"。
+      // 四级语义直接照抄内核（internal/agent/core/scheduler.go 的 Level 定义），
+      // 别自己起名字——前端叫法一旦和内核不一致，看板就成了误导。
+      var RT_LEVELS = [
+        { lv: 4, name: "L4 内核独占", cls: "rt-lv-4" },
+        { lv: 3, name: "L3 交互", cls: "rt-lv-3" },
+        { lv: 2, name: "L2 消息", cls: "rt-lv-2" },
+        { lv: 1, name: "L1 后台", cls: "rt-lv-1" },
+      ];
+      var RT_CAP_NAMES = { 1: "text", 2: "file", 4: "image", 8: "audio", 16: "structured" };
+
+      function rtTile(num, label, sub, pct, active, warn) {
+        return (
+          '<div class="rt-tile' +
+          (active ? " rt-active" : "") +
+          (warn ? " rt-warn" : "") +
+          '"><div class="rt-num">' +
+          num +
+          '</div><div class="rt-label">' +
+          label +
+          "</div>" +
+          (sub ? '<div class="rt-sub">' + sub + "</div>" : "") +
+          '<div class="rt-bar"><i style="width:' +
+          Math.max(0, Math.min(100, pct || 0)) +
+          '%"></i></div></div>'
+        );
+      }
+
+      function rtCapsHtml(caps) {
+        var out = "";
+        Object.keys(RT_CAP_NAMES).forEach(function (bit) {
+          if (caps & Number(bit)) {
+            out += '<span class="rt-cap">' + RT_CAP_NAMES[bit] + "</span>";
+          }
+        });
+        return out ? '<span class="rt-caps">' + out + "</span>" : "";
+      }
+
+      function renderRuntime() {
+        var el = document.getElementById("rt-panel");
+        if (!el) return;
+        var rt = state.runtime;
+        if (!rt) {
+          el.innerHTML = '<div class="rt-empty">' + __("运行态数据不可用", "runtime unavailable") + "</div>";
+          return;
+        }
+        var sc = rt.scheduler || {};
+        var residents = rt.residents || [];
+        var channels = rt.channels || [];
+        var q = sc.interrupt_queues || [0, 0, 0, 0, 0];
+        var pending = sc.pending_interrupts || 0;
+        var ready = sc.ready_queue_depth || 0;
+        var stack = sc.suspend_stack || 0;
+        var maxStack = sc.max_suspend_depth || 4;
+        var frames = sc.suspend_frames || [];
+        var byLv = sc.interrupts_by_level || [];
+        var preLv = sc.preempts_by_level || [];
+
+        var html = '<div class="card"><h2>' + __("运行态", "Runtime") + "</h2>";
+        // 四个数字块
+        html += '<div class="rt-grid">';
+        html += rtTile(ready, __("排队任务", "Ready queue"), __("等待执行的输入", "inputs waiting"), ready ? Math.min(100, ready * 20) : 0, ready > 0);
+        html += rtTile(pending, __("待处理中断", "Pending interrupts"), __("四级队列 + 立即抢占", "queued + immediate"), pending ? Math.min(100, pending * 25) : 0, pending > 0, pending > 0);
+        html += rtTile(stack + "/" + maxStack, __("中断栈", "Interrupt stack"), __("嵌套抢占的现场", "nested frames"), (stack / (maxStack || 4)) * 100, stack > 0);
+        var rFull = residents.filter(function (r) { return r.context_full; }).length;
+        html += rtTile(residents.length, __("驻留子 Agent", "Resident agents"), rFull ? rFull + __(" 个上下文已满", " context-full") : __("常驻子任务", "long-lived children"), residents.length ? Math.min(100, residents.length * 20) : 0, residents.length > 0, rFull > 0);
+        html += "</div>";
+
+        // 四级中断队列
+        html += '<div class="rt-section-title">' + __("中断队列（按级别）", "Interrupt queues by level") + "</div>";
+        var maxQ = Math.max(1, q[1] || 0, q[2] || 0, q[3] || 0, q[4] || 0);
+        html += '<div class="rt-levels">';
+        RT_LEVELS.forEach(function (L) {
+          var depth = q[L.lv] || 0;
+          var reg = byLv[L.lv] || 0;
+          var pre = preLv[L.lv] || 0;
+          html +=
+            '<div class="rt-level"><span class="rt-lv-name">' + L.name + "</span>" +
+            '<span class="rt-lv-track ' + L.cls + '"><i style="width:' +
+            (depth ? Math.max(4, (depth / maxQ) * 100) : 0) +
+            '%"></i></span>' +
+            '<span class="rt-lv-meta">' + depth + " · " +
+            __("登记", "reg") + " " + reg + " / " + __("抢占", "pre") + " " + pre +
+            "</span></div>";
+        });
+        html += "</div>";
+        if (sc.immediate) {
+          html += '<div class="rt-frame">⚡ ' + __("立即运行", "immediate") + "：" +
+            escHtml(sc.immediate.kind || "") + " #" + sc.immediate.id +
+            '<span class="rt-frame-top">L' + (sc.immediate.level || 0) + "</span></div>";
+        }
+
+        // 中断栈（栈顶在上 → 用 column-reverse）
+        html += '<div class="rt-section-title">' + __("中断栈（栈顶在上）", "Interrupt stack (top first)") + "</div>";
+        if (frames.length) {
+          html += '<div class="rt-stack">';
+          frames.forEach(function (f, i) {
+            var t = (f && f.task) || {};
+            html += '<div class="rt-frame">' + escHtml(t.kind || "") + " #" + (t.id || "?") +
+              '<span class="rt-frame-top">L' + (t.level || 0) +
+              (i === frames.length - 1 ? " · " + __("栈顶", "top") : "") + "</span></div>";
+          });
+          html += "</div>";
+        } else {
+          html += '<div class="rt-empty">' + __("中断栈为空（当前无被抢占的现场）", "stack empty (nothing preempted)") + "</div>";
+        }
+        if (sc.running) {
+          html += '<div class="rt-empty">' + __("正在运行", "running") + "：" +
+            escHtml(sc.running.kind || "") + " #" + sc.running.id + " (L" + (sc.running.level || 0) + ")</div>";
+        }
+
+        // 通道拓扑
+        html += '<div class="rt-section-title">' + __("通道拓扑", "Channel topology") + "</div>";
+        var ins = channels.filter(function (c) { return c.direction === "in" || c.direction === "io"; });
+        var outs = channels.filter(function (c) { return c.direction === "out" || c.direction === "io"; });
+        function chanHtml(c) {
+          return '<div class="rt-chan" title="' + escHtml(c.description || "") + '">' +
+            '<span class="rt-chan-name">' + escHtml(c.name) + "</span>" +
+            rtCapsHtml(c.output_caps || 0) +
+            '<div class="rt-chan-sub">' +
+            escHtml((c.tools || []).length ? (c.tools || []).length + " " + __("个工具", "tools") : (c.description || "").slice(0, 26)) +
+            "</div></div>";
+        }
+        html += '<div class="rt-topo">';
+        html += '<div class="rt-topo-col">' + (ins.length ? ins.map(chanHtml).join("") : '<div class="rt-empty">' + __("无输入通道", "no input channel") + "</div>") + "</div>";
+        html += '<div class="rt-core">' + __("内核", "Kernel") + "</div>";
+        html += '<div class="rt-topo-col rt-right">' + (outs.length ? outs.map(chanHtml).join("") : '<div class="rt-empty">' + __("无输出通道", "no output channel") + "</div>") + "</div>";
+        html += "</div>";
+
+        html += "</div>";
+        el.innerHTML = html;
+      }
+
+
+      // loadRuntime 拉运行态小快照并就地重绘面板（约 2KB，可秒级轮询）。
+      async function loadRuntime() {
+        try {
+          var rt = await api("/runtime");
+          state.runtime = rt;
+          renderRuntime();
+        } catch (e) {
+          state.runtime = null;
+        }
+      }
+
+      // startRuntimeTicker 起 3s 轮询：运行态只在总览页可见时才有意义，
+      // 其它页签上不浪费请求。切回总览时 renderAll 会立刻再拉一次，不必等下一拍。
+      function startRuntimeTicker() {
+        if (state._runtimeTicker) return;
+        state._runtimeTicker = setInterval(function () {
+          var tab = document.querySelector("#tab-overview");
+          if (tab && tab.classList.contains("active")) {
+            loadRuntime();
+          }
+        }, 3000);
+      }
+
       function renderOverview() {
         var s = state.status || {};
         var k = state.kernel;
         var html =
+          '<div id="rt-panel"></div>' +
           '<div class="card"><h2>' +
           __("系统概览", "System Overview") +
           "</h2>" +
@@ -4404,6 +4575,7 @@
         renderAll();
         connectSSE();
         startUptimeTicker();
+        startRuntimeTicker();
         maybeShowPersonaWizard();
       })();
       setInterval(renderAll, 15000);
diff --git a/internal/plugins/webui/handler.go b/internal/plugins/webui/handler.go
index 51315b9..0df10e2 100644
--- a/internal/plugins/webui/handler.go
+++ b/internal/plugins/webui/handler.go
@@ -437,6 +437,9 @@ func (h *Handler) RegisterRoutes(mux *http.ServeMux) {
 	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/terminals", h.requireAPI(h.handleTerminals))
 	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/cmd/history", h.requireAPI(h.handleCmdHistory))
 	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/kernel", h.requireAPI(h.handleKernel))
+	// 运行态小快照：调度器（排队/四级中断队列/中断栈）+ 驻留子 + 通道拓扑。
+	// 单独一条是为了让前端能秒级刷新而不必反复拉 30KB 的 /kernel。
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/runtime", h.requireAPI(h.handleRuntime))
 	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/persona", h.requireAPI(h.handlePersona))
 	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/plugins", h.requireAPI(h.handlePlugins))
 	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/plugins/", h.requireAPI(h.handlePluginByID))
diff --git a/internal/plugins/webui/handler_agents.go b/internal/plugins/webui/handler_agents.go
index 85e129d..192a3bd 100644
--- a/internal/plugins/webui/handler_agents.go
+++ b/internal/plugins/webui/handler_agents.go
@@ -238,3 +238,32 @@ func (h *Handler) handleAgentAction(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, agen
 	}
 	writeJSON(w, http.StatusNotImplemented, map[string]string{"error": fmt.Sprintf("agent %s action not implemented by supervisor", action)})
 }
+
+// handleRuntime 返回**只含运行态**的小快照：调度器（排队/四级中断队列/中断栈）、
+// 驻留子 agent、通道拓扑。
+//
+// 为什么不复用 /api/v1/kernel：那份是 30KB 级的全量状态（工具、插件、记忆、LLM…），
+// 拿它做秒级刷新既费带宽也费端上算力。运行态要能「实时看」，所以单开一条
+// 只读通道，字段直接来自内核暴露的 KernelStatus（internal/sdk），
+// 这样任何应用（WebUI / GUI / ArkTS）都能拿同一份数据做展示。
+func (h *Handler) handleRuntime(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	if r.Method != http.MethodGet {
+		http.Error(w, "method not allowed", http.StatusMethodNotAllowed)
+		return
+	}
+	if h.status == nil {
+		writeJSON(w, http.StatusServiceUnavailable, map[string]string{"error": "kernel status not available"})
+		return
+	}
+	ks := h.status.GetKernelStatus()
+	if ks == nil {
+		writeJSON(w, http.StatusServiceUnavailable, map[string]string{"error": "kernel status not available"})
+		return
+	}
+	writeJSON(w, http.StatusOK, map[string]interface{}{
+		"uptime":    ks.Uptime,
+		"scheduler": ks.Scheduler,
+		"residents": ks.Residents,
+		"channels":  ks.Channels,
+	})
+}
diff --git a/internal/plugins/webui/handler_test.go b/internal/plugins/webui/handler_test.go
index 3b75402..2fad3e7 100644
--- a/internal/plugins/webui/handler_test.go
+++ b/internal/plugins/webui/handler_test.go
@@ -1387,3 +1387,75 @@ func TestChatHistoryDefaultIsPaged(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("limit=5 应回 5 条，实际 %d", n)
 	}
 }
+
+// fakeStatus 是给 /runtime 用的最小内核状态桩。
+type fakeStatus struct{ ks *sdk.KernelStatus }
+
+func (f fakeStatus) GetKernelStatus() *sdk.KernelStatus { return f.ks }
+
+// TestRuntimeEndpoint 钉住运行态小接口的形状：
+// 只回运行态三件事（调度器/驻留子/通道），且体积远小于 /kernel ——
+// 前端靠它做秒级刷新，字段一丢图就画不出来。
+func TestRuntimeEndpoint(t *testing.T) {
+	ks := &sdk.KernelStatus{
+		Uptime: "1m",
+		Scheduler: sdk.SchedulerStatus{
+			ReadyQueueDepth:   2,
+			PendingInterrupts: 1,
+			SuspendStack:      1,
+			MaxSuspendDepth:   4,
+			InterruptQueues:   [5]int{0, 0, 0, 0, 1},
+			SuspendFrames:     []sdk.SchedulerFrame{{Task: sdk.SchedulerTask{ID: 9, Level: 3, Kind: "input"}}},
+		},
+		Residents: []sdk.ResidentStatus{{ID: "r1", State: "running", Rounds: 3}},
+		Channels:  []sdk.ChannelInfo{{Name: "webui", Type: "1", Direction: "out", Ready: true, OutputCaps: 7, CapsText: "[text file image]"}},
+	}
+	s := testSDK(sdk.SDKConfig{
+		Settings: sdk.NewSettings("webui", internalConfig.NewConfigRegistry("")),
+		Config:   sdk.NewConfig(&types.Config{}),
+		Status:   fakeStatus{ks: ks},
+	})
+	h := NewHandler(s)
+
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "/api/v1/runtime", nil)
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	h.handleRuntime(w, req)
+	if w.Code != http.StatusOK {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 200, got %d", w.Code)
+	}
+	var out struct {
+		Scheduler sdk.SchedulerStatus  `json:"scheduler"`
+		Residents []sdk.ResidentStatus `json:"residents"`
+		Channels  []sdk.ChannelInfo    `json:"channels"`
+	}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(w.Body.Bytes(), &out); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unmarshal: %v", err)
+	}
+	if out.Scheduler.ReadyQueueDepth != 2 || out.Scheduler.PendingInterrupts != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("调度器字段丢失：%+v", out.Scheduler)
+	}
+	if out.Scheduler.InterruptQueues[4] != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("四级队列深度丢失：%v", out.Scheduler.InterruptQueues)
+	}
+	if len(out.Scheduler.SuspendFrames) != 1 || out.Scheduler.SuspendFrames[0].Task.ID != 9 {
+		t.Fatalf("中断栈帧丢失：%+v", out.Scheduler.SuspendFrames)
+	}
+	if len(out.Residents) != 1 || out.Residents[0].ID != "r1" {
+		t.Fatalf("驻留子丢失：%+v", out.Residents)
+	}
+	if len(out.Channels) != 1 || out.Channels[0].Direction != "out" {
+		t.Fatalf("通道方向丢失：%+v", out.Channels)
+	}
+	// 只回运行态：不该把 tools/plugins 这类大块带上
+	if strings.Contains(w.Body.String(), "\"tools\"") || strings.Contains(w.Body.String(), "\"plugins\"") {
+		t.Fatal("/runtime 不应携带 tools/plugins（那是 /kernel 的内容）")
+	}
+	// 没有内核状态时给 503，而不是空对象
+	s2 := testSDK(sdk.SDKConfig{Settings: sdk.NewSettings("webui", internalConfig.NewConfigRegistry(""))})
+	h2 := NewHandler(s2)
+	w2 := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	h2.handleRuntime(w2, httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "/api/v1/runtime", nil))
+	if w2.Code != http.StatusServiceUnavailable {
+		t.Fatalf("无状态源应回 503，实际 %d", w2.Code)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/internal/sdk/status.go b/internal/sdk/status.go
index eb71e4f..3f5044a 100644
--- a/internal/sdk/status.go
+++ b/internal/sdk/status.go
@@ -47,6 +47,9 @@ type KernelStatus struct {
 
 	Tracker TrackerStatus `json:"tracker"`
 
+	// Residents 是驻留式子 agent 的运行时视图（数量 = len(Residents)）。
+	Residents []ResidentStatus `json:"residents"`
+
 	// Scheduler 是输入调度器的运行时快照（可观测性，设计文档 §11 O1/O2）。
 	// M2 起输入不再直接排队在 channel 上，而是经 readyQueue/pendingInterrupts/
 	// suspendStack 三集合按优先级调度；这里把这些状态暴露出来。
@@ -57,12 +60,30 @@ type KernelStatus struct {
 type SchedulerStatus struct {
 	// Running 是当前执行的任务（空表示空闲）。
 	Running *SchedulerTask `json:"running,omitempty"`
+	// Immediate 是刚抢占成功、将在下一个安全点立即运行的中断（最多一个）。
+	Immediate *SchedulerTask `json:"immediate,omitempty"`
 	// ReadyQueueDepth / PendingInterrupts / SuspendStack 是三个集合的深度。
 	ReadyQueueDepth   int `json:"ready_queue_depth"`
 	PendingInterrupts int `json:"pending_interrupts"`
 	SuspendStack      int `json:"suspend_stack"`
 	MaxSuspendDepth   int `json:"max_suspend_depth"`
 
+	// InterruptQueues 是**四条中断队列各自的深度**，下标即中断级别（1..4）；
+	// 下标 0 恒为 0，这样 level 可以直接当数组下标用，省掉调用方 ±1 的翻译。
+	//
+	// 为什么单列：PendingInterrupts 只是总数，看不清"堵在哪一级"——
+	// 四级中断是抢占优先级，堵在 L1 还是 L4 是完全不同的运行状态。
+	InterruptQueues [5]int `json:"interrupt_queues"`
+
+	// SuspendFrames 是中断栈的帧，**栈底 → 栈顶**（只暴露任务标识，不含帧内容）。
+	// 深度见 SuspendStack；帧的顺序回答了"谁被谁打断"。
+	SuspendFrames []SchedulerFrame `json:"suspend_frames,omitempty"`
+
+	// InterruptsByLevel / PreemptsByLevel 是各级中断的累计计数（下标 1..4）：
+	// 前者=被登记次数（含没抢成的），后者=判定可抢占并进入 immediate 的次数。
+	InterruptsByLevel [5]uint64 `json:"interrupts_by_level"`
+	PreemptsByLevel   [5]uint64 `json:"preempts_by_level"`
+
 	Enqueued  uint64 `json:"enqueued"`
 	Executed  uint64 `json:"executed"`
 	Rejected  uint64 `json:"rejected"`
@@ -71,6 +92,26 @@ type SchedulerStatus struct {
 	Preempted uint64 `json:"preempted"`
 }
 
+// SchedulerFrame 是中断栈里的一帧（供图形化展示"压了几层现场"）。
+type SchedulerFrame struct {
+	Task SchedulerTask `json:"task"`
+}
+
+// ResidentStatus 是驻留式子 agent 的运行时视图。
+//
+// 为什么进状态面：驻留子是"常驻的独立 agent"，它们的数量、轮次与上下文占用
+// 是运行态里最需要一眼看到的东西（此前只在日志里，WebUI 只能显示文字）。
+type ResidentStatus struct {
+	ID             string   `json:"id"`
+	State          string   `json:"state"`
+	Rounds         int      `json:"rounds"`
+	ContextFull    bool     `json:"context_full"`
+	InputChs       []string `json:"input_channels,omitempty"`
+	AllowedOutputs []string `json:"allowed_outputs,omitempty"`
+	InputChTable   int      `json:"input_ch_table"`
+	CreatedAt      string   `json:"created_at,omitempty"`
+}
+
 // SchedulerTask 是任务的最小标识（不暴露帧内容）。
 type SchedulerTask struct {
 	ID    uint64 `json:"id"`
@@ -97,9 +138,18 @@ type PluginInfo struct {
 }
 
 type ChannelInfo struct {
-	Name  string `json:"name"`
-	Type  string `json:"type"`
-	Ready bool   `json:"ready"`
+	Name string `json:"name"`
+	// Type 保持为 DeviceType 的数字字符串（历史字段，别改语义）。
+	Type string `json:"type"`
+	// Direction 是方向的可读名：in（只进）/ out（只出）/ io（双向）。
+	Direction string `json:"direction"`
+	Ready     bool   `json:"ready"`
+	// 以下三项供通道拓扑展示：此前 collectKernelStatus 只透传了 Name/Type，
+	// 把 Description/Tools/OutputCaps 全丢了，前端只能画出一排光秃秃的名字。
+	Description string   `json:"description,omitempty"`
+	Tools       []string `json:"tools,omitempty"`
+	OutputCaps  int      `json:"output_caps"`
+	CapsText    string   `json:"caps_text,omitempty"`
 }
 
 type MemoryStatus struct {