Files
ModelRouter/internal/gateway/key_quota_perf_test.go
JianFeeeee d072a03c9a perf(gateway): 配额桶扫描改为窗口化 + pinned 桶惰性创建
审查本特性线的性能时发现两个问题,均有实测数据。

## 1. 窗口查询是全扫,代价落在每个请求上

sumBuckets 原来遍历整个 map(最多 960 个小时桶),实测 5.9us/op。
配额检查在每个请求上跑 2-3 次(key 总 token、key 请求数、scope token),
于是单请求多付约 18us。

注意这**不是本改动引入的成本**:main 上既有的 WindowTokens 同样是
5907ns/op(全扫)。是本改动让它在请求路径上被调用得更多。

改为只遍历窗口可能覆盖的桶(键是整点小时,范围是精确的,不是采样):
- 24h 窗口 200ns -> 55ns
- 1h  窗口  80ns -> 49ns
- 30d 窗口 5.9us -> 3.9us(720 次查找,只有配 month 配额时才走到)

等价性由 TestSumBucketsMatchesFullScan 保证(400 组随机桶位置 x 6 种
窗口,对全扫逐项比对)。★ 第一次写错成 floor,判据立刻抓到:
30 天窗口报 8878 而全扫是 8649 —— 正确是 ceil。

## 2. pinned 桶无条件创建,内存最坏 26.7MB

每条记录写两个桶:裸 model 与 "source::model"。但 pinned 桶只有
「配额里显式 pin 了 source」时才会被查。

实测最坏情况(20 key x 8 model x 3 source x 40 天全 retention):
HeapAlloc 26.67MB —— 而 README 宣传「16 源生产实例 ~32-35MB」,
等于吃掉 80% 内存预算。

改为惰性:只有 KeyWindowModelTokens 带 source 查询过某个 (key, model)
之后,才开始维护它的 pinned 桶。

  20key x 8model x 3src   26.67MB -> 8.87MB  (-67%)
  5key x 6model(真实)     3.36MB -> 2.26MB  (-33%)
  5key x 12model            5.82MB -> 3.59MB  (-38%)

代价:配 pinned 配额之前发生的用量无法事后按源拆分(记录里虽然有
Source,但桶只存了裸 model),所以 pinned 配额的首个窗口可能少算。
已在代码注释与判据中写明。

## 其余实测

  Record        main 基线 275ns/429B/3allocs -> 283ns/429B/3allocs
                (+8ns,分配数不变;3 allocs 来自 ring buffer)
  配额检查全路径  115ns / 0 allocs(每请求新增)
  纯读路径      6.5ns / 0 allocs

## 100 并发调度/拒绝压测(真实进程 + 可报并发峰值的假上游)

  容量 100(4+96),0.15s/请求,100 并发  ok=100 fail=0   上游峰值 42
  容量 100,0.15s/请求,200 并发          ok=200 fail=0   上游峰值 97
  容量 8,3s/请求,100 并发               ok=8   fail=92  上游峰值 8
  容量 8,0.6s/请求,100 并发             ok=32  fail=68  上游峰值 8
  容量 8,0.6s/请求,40 并发              ok=32  fail=8   上游峰值 8

上游峰值恒定不超过 max_concurrent,容量拒绝返回 503 + busyWait 有界
等待(约 2.6s)。main 基线在同条件下 ok=32 fail=68、上游峰值 8、
延迟分布相同 —— 配额改动没有触碰调度/拒绝路径。

配额拒绝单独验证(低并发避开容量拒绝):req_quota=50 用尽后
100 并发全部 429 rate_limit_exceeded + Retry-After: 1661,
**延迟仅 19-21ms**、上游 total 未增加 —— 配额在入口廉价拒绝,
不占用任何上游槽位,与容量不足的昂贵等待形成明确分工。

## 判据

key_quota_perf_test.go:4 个基准 + 2 个判据(sumBuckets 等价性、
pinned 桶惰性)。3/3 变异全被抓(无条件建 pinned 桶、firstHour 用
floor、keyHour 不再写)。

(cherry picked from commit be11a06a46)
2026-09-27 18:44:41 +08:00

126 lines
4.3 KiB
Go

package gateway
import (
"math/rand"
"testing"
"time"
)
// Perf: the per-key quota bookkeeping runs on every recorded request and on
// every quota check, so its cost lands directly on the request path. These
// benchmarks exist to catch a regression that would make the feature
// expensive; the numbers that matter are relative to each other and to the
// pre-change baseline (Record was 275 ns/op with 3 allocs before this work).
func BenchmarkRecordQuotaBucket(b *testing.B) {
s := NewStats(0)
r := Req{Time: time.Now().UnixMilli(), Key: "keyABC", Model: "deepseek-v4-flash",
Source: "deepseek", Prompt: 800, Compl: 200, OK: true, Status: 200, Type: "chat"}
b.ReportAllocs()
b.ResetTimer()
for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
s.Record(r)
}
}
// A key that has been busy for the whole 40-day retention.
func BenchmarkRecordQuotaBucketFullRetention(b *testing.B) {
s := NewStats(0)
nowH := time.Now().Unix() / 3600
for h := int64(0); h < quotaRetentionHours; h++ {
s.Record(Req{Time: (nowH - h) * 3600 * 1000, Key: "keyABC", Model: "m1",
Source: "deepseek", Prompt: 100, Compl: 100, OK: true, Status: 200})
}
r := Req{Time: time.Now().UnixMilli(), Key: "keyABC", Model: "m1", Source: "deepseek",
Prompt: 100, Compl: 100, OK: true, Status: 200, Type: "chat"}
b.ReportAllocs()
b.ResetTimer()
for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
s.Record(r)
}
}
// The whole per-request quota check: total tokens + request count.
func BenchmarkQuotaCheckHourly(b *testing.B) {
s := NewStats(0)
for h := 0; h < 24; h++ {
s.Record(Req{Time: time.Now().Add(-time.Duration(h) * time.Hour).UnixMilli(),
Key: "keyABC", Model: "m1", Source: "deepseek", Prompt: 100, Compl: 100, OK: true, Status: 200})
}
b.ReportAllocs()
b.ResetTimer()
for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
s.KeyWindowTokens("keyABC", 3600)
s.KeyWindowReqs("keyABC", 3600)
}
}
// A 30-day window has to visit 720 hour buckets. This is the worst case the
// quota feature puts on the request path.
func BenchmarkQuotaCheckMonthly(b *testing.B) {
s := NewStats(0)
nowH := time.Now().Unix() / 3600
for h := int64(0); h < 720; h++ {
s.Record(Req{Time: (nowH - h) * 3600 * 1000, Key: "keyABC", Model: "m1",
Prompt: 100, Compl: 100, OK: true, Status: 200})
}
b.ReportAllocs()
b.ResetTimer()
for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
s.KeyWindowTokens("keyABC", 30*24*3600)
}
}
// TestSumBucketsMatchesFullScan is the correctness guard for the optimization
// that made the quota check proportional to the window instead of to the whole
// retention: the windowed sum must agree with a full scan for every bucket
// placement, or a quota would silently start letting traffic through. It
// caught a real off-by-one (floor instead of ceil on the first hour).
func TestSumBucketsMatchesFullScan(t *testing.T) {
const hour = 3600
base := int64(1_700_000_000) / hour * hour
rng := rand.New(rand.NewSource(7))
for trial := 0; trial < 400; trial++ {
hm := map[int64]int64{}
for i, n := 0, rng.Intn(40)+1; i < n; i++ {
h := base/hour - int64(rng.Intn(1200))
hm[h] += int64(rng.Intn(1000)) + 1
}
now := base + int64(rng.Intn(hour))
for _, sec := range []int64{3600, 2 * 3600, 6 * 3600, 24 * 3600, 7 * 24 * 3600, 30 * 24 * 3600} {
var want int64
cut := now - sec
for h, v := range hm {
if h*hour >= cut {
want += v
}
}
if got := sumBuckets(hm, now, sec); got != want {
t.Fatalf("trial %d sec=%d: sumBuckets=%d, full scan=%d", trial, sec, got, want)
}
}
}
}
// The pinned bucket is maintained only for (key, model) pairs whose quota pins
// a source. Doing it unconditionally doubled the bucket count — measured at
// 26.7 MB for 20 keys x 8 models x 3 sources at full retention, against a
// documented ~32 MB total memory budget — to serve a lookup nobody performs.
func TestPinnedBucketNotMaintainedUnlessWanted(t *testing.T) {
s := NewStats(100)
now := time.Now().UnixMilli()
for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
s.Record(Req{Time: now, Key: "keyA", Model: "m1", Source: "srcX", Prompt: 100, Compl: 100, OK: true, Status: 200})
}
s.mu.Lock()
_, pinned := s.keyModelHour["keyA"]["srcX::m1"]
_, bare := s.keyModelHour["keyA"]["m1"]
s.mu.Unlock()
if pinned {
t.Error("a pinned bucket exists before any quota read the pin — memory regression")
}
if !bare {
t.Error("the bare-model bucket must always exist; an unpinned quota depends on it")
}
}